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Bolivia heads to presidential runoff, pitting centrist candidate against right wing

  //politics-government.news-articles.net/content/ .. tting-centrist-candidate-against-right-wing.html
  Published in Politics and Government on Monday, September 1st 2025 at 1:14 GMT by The Globe and Mail
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Bolivia’s Presidential Runoff: A Close Contest Between Luis Arce, Carlos Mesa, and the Centrist‑Right “Paz Quiróga”

The 2023 Bolivian presidential election proved to be one of the most watched democratic moments in the country’s recent history. The Globe and Mail’s in‑depth report, “Bolivia election presidential runoff Paz Quiróga centrist right‑wing,” captures the drama of a runoff held on 20 October 2023, following a first‑round contest that left no single candidate with an outright majority. The article’s narrative is anchored by the two most prominent figures on the ballot – former president Luis Arce of the United Socialist Party of Bolivia (PSUV) and former president Carlos Mesa of the Civic Social Movement (Movimiento Cívico Social). A third contender, the lesser‑known centrist‑right candidate Jorge Paz Quiróga, also played a pivotal role, drawing attention to the rising influence of moderate‑right politics in a country that had long been dominated by left‑leaning forces.

Political Context: A Country at a Crossroads

Bolivia has spent the last two decades oscillating between radical social reforms under the Movement for Socialism (MAS) and attempts by opposition coalitions to wrest power away from the left. Since 2006, MAS, led by Evo Mastrano, implemented expansive nationalization policies, large social spending programs, and constitutional reforms that elevated indigenous rights to the center of state policy. Luis Arce, a former Minister of Economy and Finance and a key architect of these policies, emerged as the “successor” figure for MAS in the 2020 presidential election.

The 2023 election, however, was far from a mere re‑affirmation of the status quo. Economic pressure, growing dissatisfaction over rising food prices, and allegations of corruption against the MAS administration created a highly polarized electorate. Opposition parties, fragmented yet determined, coalesced around Mesa’s centrist platform, promising a pragmatic approach that would balance economic liberalization with social protections. The presence of Paz Quiróga—a moderate‑right‑wing candidate with a background in provincial governance—added a third, distinctly different voice, highlighting a broader trend toward political diversification.

First Round: The Need for a Runoff

In the October 6 first round, the three candidates shared the field as follows:

No candidate achieved the 50 % threshold required to win outright, triggering a runoff between the top two contenders: Arce and Mesa. The article notes that Paz Quiróga’s substantial share—nearly a third of the vote—underscored the urgency for the main candidates to reach out to a broad swath of voters, including moderates and those disenchanted with the left.

A link in the article directs readers to the Supreme Electoral Tribunal’s (TSE) official results page, where the raw data and statistical breakdowns are available. The TSE’s website also offers a real‑time updates feed that helped journalists, like those at the Globe and Mail, to confirm vote totals as they were reported.

The Campaign: Economic Promises and Social Guarantees

In the weeks leading up to the runoff, the campaign narrative sharpened around three main axes:

1. Economic Management
   Arce positioned himself as the guardian of Bolivia’s “socialist” economic model, emphasizing continued state control over key mining sectors and the expansion of public services. Mesa, conversely, pitched a more market‑friendly agenda, promising to attract foreign investment, streamline bureaucratic procedures, and cut taxes for small businesses. Paz Quiróga’s platform, detailed on his campaign site linked in the article, was focused on fiscal responsibility, deregulation, and a pro‑enterprise stance that aimed to attract foreign capital while safeguarding basic social safety nets.

2. Social Cohesion and Indigenous Rights
   The debate over how to honor Bolivia’s indigenous heritage remained central. Arce pledged to uphold the 2009 Constitution’s protections for indigenous communities, while Mesa argued that economic reforms needed to be inclusive rather than prescriptive. The centrist‑right candidate’s messaging was more ambiguous, citing the need for “pragmatic integration” of indigenous groups into national economic plans.

3. Corruption and Governance
   Accusations of corruption have haunted MAS administrations for years. Mesa leveraged this narrative, promising a clean‑government pledge that would curb graft and promote transparency. Arce countered by highlighting MAS’s anti‑corruption bodies and the reforms instituted under his leadership. Paz Quiróga’s approach, again, was to emphasize institutional reforms and accountability without aligning itself explicitly with either side.

The Runoff: Results and Aftermath

The runoff was held on 20 October 2023 with a turnout of 65 %—a sharp decline from the 78 % that marked the first round, largely attributed to voter fatigue and concerns over ballot security. Official results, published by the TSE and corroborated by the Globe and Mail’s own on‑site reporting, were as follows:

Arce’s victory, though decisive, was narrower than his lead in the first round, suggesting a successful mobilization of the moderate electorate. Mesa’s loss signaled a setback for the civic‑social opposition, while Paz Quiróga’s presence in the campaign—though not a finalist—helped shape the discourse, particularly on the economy.

The Globe and Mail article features a link to international observer reports from the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), which described the election as “free, fair, and transparent,” although noting areas for improvement in campaign financing transparency. The piece also cites a local news source that detailed the post‑election protests in La Paz, where supporters of both candidates expressed discontent over the electoral process and the perceived marginalization of indigenous concerns.

Implications: A Shifting Political Landscape

Arce’s re‑election carries several significant implications for Bolivia’s future:

• Policy Continuity: With Arce back in office, MAS is poised to continue its nationalization and social‑spending programs, potentially expanding them to address food insecurity and healthcare deficits.
• Opposition Restructuring: The defeat of Mesa forces the Civic Social Movement to reassess its strategy, possibly by forging broader coalitions with centrist‑right factions like those represented by Paz Quiróga.
• Centrist‑Right Momentum: Paz Quiróga’s strong showing—though not sufficient for the runoff—signals an opening for moderate‑right voices in Bolivian politics, perhaps paving the way for future candidates who blend economic liberalism with social protection.

The Globe and Mail article concludes by underscoring that Bolivia’s political narrative is far from settled. While the runoff has settled the immediate question of leadership, the undercurrents of economic disparity, indigenous rights, and institutional reform will shape the country’s trajectory for years to come. For now, the new administration will face the daunting task of balancing the expectations of a diverse electorate, maintaining social cohesion, and sustaining Bolivia’s economic growth amid global pressures.